Understanding Government Intervention on Flag Carriers: The Case of Alitalia and TAP Air Portugal
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In March 2020, the Italian government proposed a series of provisions in support of families, workers, and companies who were harshly hit by the Covid-19 pandemic and the related containment measures. Among other interventions within the government decree, commonly referred to as ‘Cura-Italia’ (lit. heal-Italy), up to €500 million were allocated to the re- nationalisation of the country’s flag carrier, Alitalia (Il Sole 24 ORE, 2020b). While the whole sector of air transport risked going up due to the travel restrictions imposed to reduce the spreading of the coronavirus, the decision to bring Alitalia fully under control of the Ministry of Economy and Finances reignited a long-lived debate, given the poor performance of the airline in recent decades.
Political Polarization in the U.S.: The Effect of Globalization
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Democracy has been regarded as the best system of government out of the whole span of imperfect options available. Its beauty comes from the importance given to the free individual contribution towards a wholesome societal growth, which is done in part through the establishment of one of the most sacred rights in any democratic society: the right to vote.
The digital automation transformation that started in the last decade is changing business models by freeing humans from low value-added repetitive tasks and influencing consumers’ lives through cheaper online service delivery. Digital automation is also favouring the emergence of brand-new services and transforming the nature of many professional services. These rapid changes have prompted authorities […]
The study explores the current state of play in cross-border activity in public procurement in the EU. The primary need for the research is to provide updated time series of the indicators computed in previous studies and gather additional economic evidence that could better contextualize these findings in the international settings of EU public procurement policy. The study reviews the extent of cross-border participation in EU procurement, both direct and indirect, covering the EU Member States, the UK, and the EFTA countries (in terms of the location of contracting authorities and entities), throughout 2016-2019. Some analytical parts cover a more extended time series.
The study is part of a larger project that E4P is currently doing in partnership with Prometeia and BIP .
After a relatively inexpressive evolution in the 1990s and early 2000s, housing prices in Portugal have been increasing in the recent past, with several consequences and impacts on society. This study aims to analyse different issues of economic and social relevance related to the Portuguese real estate market. In particular, it seeks to characterize the […]
This project contributes to the analysis of the impact that the tax system and its changes have on the Portuguese economic, social and legal reality. The conceptual framework in which the analysis is developed will be centered on the QUEST model, developed by the European Commission, but which will have to be adjusted and developed […]
This report is an annual initiative, in partnership with the La Caixa Foundation. It uses several databases, with an emphasis on the European Union Survey on Income and Living Conditions, to characterize the situation of Portuguese households. The report is produced annually and focuses on income distribution, poverty, and material deprivation indicators. It also includes […]
ABSTRACT We document a strong empirical relationship between higher income inequality and stronger recessive impacts of fiscal consolidation episodes across time and space. To explain this finding, we develop a life-cycle economy with uninsurable income risk.
ABSTRACT We study the relationship between extreme temperatures and violent mortality, employing novel regional panel data from Russia. We find that extremely hot temperatures increase violent mortality, while extremely cold temperatures have no effect. The impact of hot temperature on violence is unequal across gender and age groups, rises noticeably during weekends, and leads to […]
and BIP 
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